compliance controls are associated with this Policy definition 'Accounts with read permissions on Azure resources should be MFA enabled' (81b3ccb4-e6e8-4e4a-8d05-5df25cd29fd4)
| Control Domain |
Control |
Name |
MetadataId |
Category |
Title |
Owner |
Requirements |
Description |
Info |
Policy# |
| AU_ISM |
1384 |
AU_ISM_1384 |
AU ISM 1384 |
Guidelines for System Hardening - Authentication hardening |
Multi-factor authentication - 1384 |
|
n/a |
Multi-factor authentication is used to authenticate privileged users each time they perform privileged actions. |
link |
3 |
| AU_ISM |
414 |
AU_ISM_414 |
AU ISM 414 |
Guidelines for Personnel Security - Access to systems and their resources |
User identification - 414 |
|
n/a |
Personnel granted access to a system and its resources are uniquely identifiable. |
link |
3 |
| AU_ISM |
947 |
AU_ISM_947 |
AU ISM 947 |
Guidelines for Media - Media usage |
Using media for data transfers - 947 |
|
n/a |
When transferring data manually between two systems belonging to different security domains, rewritable media is sanitised after each data transfer. |
link |
1 |
| Azure_Security_Benchmark_v1.0 |
3.5 |
Azure_Security_Benchmark_v1.0_3.5 |
Azure Security Benchmark 3.5 |
Identity and Access Control |
Use multi-factor authentication for all Microsoft Entra ID based access |
Customer |
Enable Microsoft Entra MFA and follow Azure Security Center Identity and Access Management recommendations.
How to enable MFA in Azure:
https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/howto-mfa-getstarted
How to monitor identity and access within Azure Security Center:
https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/security-center/security-center-identity-access |
n/a |
link |
3 |
| Azure_Security_Benchmark_v2.0 |
IM-4 |
Azure_Security_Benchmark_v2.0_IM-4 |
Azure Security Benchmark IM-4 |
Identity Management |
Use strong authentication controls for all Microsoft Entra ID based access |
Customer |
Microsoft Entra ID supports strong authentication controls through multi-factor authentication (MFA) and strong passwordless methods.
- Multi-factor authentication: Enable Microsoft Entra MFA and follow Azure Security Center identity and access management recommendations for your MFA setup. MFA can be enforced on all users, select users, or at the per-user level based on sign-in conditions and risk factors.
- Passwordless authentication: Three passwordless authentication options are available: Windows Hello for Business, Microsoft Authenticator app, and on-premises authentication methods such as smart cards.
For administrator and privileged users, ensure the highest level of the strong authentication method is used, followed by rolling out the appropriate strong authentication policy to other users.
If legacy password-based authentication is still used for Microsoft Entra ID authentication, please be aware that cloud-only accounts (user accounts created directly in Azure) have a default baseline password policy. And hybrid accounts (user accounts that come from on-premises Active Directory) follow the on-premises password policies. When using password-based authentication, Microsoft Entra ID provides a password protection capability that prevents users from setting passwords that are easy to guess. Microsoft provides a global list of banned passwords that is updated based on telemetry, and customers can augment the list based on their needs (e.g. branding, cultural references, etc.). This password protection can be used for cloud-only and hybrid accounts.
Note: Authentication based on password credentials alone is susceptible to popular attack methods. For higher security, use strong authentication such as MFA and a strong password policy. For third-party applications and marketplace services that may have default passwords, you should change them during initial service setup.
How to enable MFA in Azure: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/howto-mfa-getstarted
Introduction to passwordless authentication options for Microsoft Entra ID: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/concept-authentication-passwordless
Microsoft Entra ID default password policy: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/concept-sspr-policy#password-policies-that-only-apply-to-cloud-user-accounts
Eliminate bad passwords using Microsoft Entra Password Protection: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/concept-password-ban-bad |
n/a |
link |
3 |
| Azure_Security_Benchmark_v3.0 |
IM-6 |
Azure_Security_Benchmark_v3.0_IM-6 |
Microsoft cloud security benchmark IM-6 |
Identity Management |
Use strong authentication controls |
Shared |
**Security Principle:**
Enforce strong authentication controls (strong passwordless authentication or multi-factor authentication) with your centralized identity and authentication management system for all access to resources. Authentication based on password credentials alone is considered legacy, as it is insecure and does not stand up to popular attack methods.
When deploying strong authentication, configure administrators and privileged users first, to ensure the highest level of the strong authentication method, quickly followed by rolling out the appropriate strong authentication policy to all users.
Note: If legacy password-based authentication is required for legacy applications and scenarios, ensure password security best practices such as complexity requirements, are followed.
**Azure Guidance:**
Microsoft Entra ID supports strong authentication controls through passwordless methods and multi-factor authentication (MFA).
- Passwordless authentication: Use passwordless authentication as your default authentication method. There are three options available in passwordless authentication: Windows Hello for Business, Microsoft Authenticator app phone sign-in, and FIDO 2Keys. In addition, customers can use on-premises authentication methods such as smart cards.
- Multi-factor authentication: Azure MFA can be enforced on all users, select users, or at the per-user level based on sign-in conditions and risk factors. Enable Azure MFA and follow Microsoft Defender for Cloud identity and access management recommendations for your MFA setup.
If legacy password-based authentication is still used for Microsoft Entra ID authentication, be aware that cloud-only accounts (user accounts created directly in Azure) have a default baseline password policy. And hybrid accounts (user accounts that come from on-premises Active Directory) follow the on-premises password policies.
For third-party applications and services that may have default IDs and passwords, you should disable or change them during initial service setup.
**Implementation and additional context:**
How to enable MFA in Azure:
https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/howto-mfa-getstarted
Introduction to passwordless authentication options for Microsoft Entra ID:
https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/concept-authentication-passwordless
Microsoft Entra ID default password policy:
https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/concept-sspr-policy#password-policies-that-only-apply-to-cloud-user-accounts
Eliminate bad passwords using Microsoft Entra Password Protection: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/concept-password-ban-bad
Block legacy authentication:
https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/conditional-access/block-legacy-authentication |
n/a |
link |
4 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
1.2 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_1.2 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 1.2 |
1 Identity and Access Management |
Ensure that multi-factor authentication is enabled for all non-privileged users |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable multi-factor authentication for all non-privileged users. |
link |
2 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
1.2 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_1.2 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 1.2 |
1 Identity and Access Management |
Ensure that multi-factor authentication is enabled for all non-privileged users |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable multi-factor authentication for all non-privileged users. |
link |
2 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
1.2 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_1.2 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 1.2 |
1 Identity and Access Management |
Ensure that 'Multi-Factor Auth Status' is 'Enabled' for all Non-Privileged Users |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable multi-factor authentication for all non-privileged users. |
link |
2 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
1.1.3 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_1.1.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 1.1.3 |
1.1 |
Ensure that 'Multi-Factor Auth Status' is 'Enabled' for all Non-Privileged Users |
Shared |
Users would require two forms of authentication before any access is granted. Also, this requires an overhead for managing dual forms of authentication. |
Enable multi-factor authentication for all non-privileged users.
Multi-factor authentication requires an individual to present a minimum of two separate forms of authentication before access is granted. Multi-factor authentication provides additional assurance that the individual attempting to gain access is who they claim to be. With multi-factor authentication, an attacker would need to compromise at least two different authentication mechanisms, increasing the difficulty of compromise and thus reducing the risk. |
link |
2 |
| CMMC_2.0_L2 |
AC.L1-3.1.1 |
CMMC_2.0_L2_AC.L1-3.1.1 |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
57 |
| CMMC_2.0_L2 |
AC.L1-3.1.2 |
CMMC_2.0_L2_AC.L1-3.1.2 |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
19 |
| CMMC_2.0_L2 |
IA.L1-3.5.2 |
CMMC_2.0_L2_IA.L1-3.5.2 |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
18 |
| CMMC_2.0_L2 |
IA.L2-3.5.3 |
CMMC_2.0_L2_IA.L2-3.5.3 |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
3 |
| CMMC_L3 |
IA.1.077 |
CMMC_L3_IA.1.077 |
CMMC L3 IA.1.077 |
Identification and Authentication |
Authenticate (or verify) the identities of those users, processes, or devices, as a prerequisite to allowing access to organizational information systems. |
Shared |
Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement. |
Individual authenticators include the following: passwords, key cards, cryptographic devices, and one-time password devices. Initial authenticator content is the actual content of the authenticator, for example, the initial password. In contrast, the requirements about authenticator content include the minimum password length. Developers ship system components with factory default authentication credentials to allow for initial installation and configuration. Default authentication credentials are often well known, easily discoverable, and present a significant security risk.
Systems support authenticator management by organization-defined settings and restrictions for various authenticator characteristics including minimum password length, validation time window for time synchronous one-time tokens, and number of allowed rejections during the verification stage of biometric authentication. Authenticator management includes issuing and revoking, when no longer needed, authenticators for temporary access such as that required for remote maintenance. Device authenticators include certificates and passwords. |
link |
9 |
| CMMC_L3 |
IA.3.083 |
CMMC_L3_IA.3.083 |
CMMC L3 IA.3.083 |
Identification and Authentication |
Use multifactor authentication for local and network access to privileged accounts and for network access to non-privileged accounts. |
Shared |
Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement. |
Multifactor authentication requires the use of two or more different factors to authenticate. The factors are defined as something you know (e.g., password, personal identification number [PIN]); something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); or something you are (e.g., biometric). Multifactor authentication solutions that feature physical authenticators include hardware authenticators providing time-based or challenge-response authenticators and smart cards. In addition to authenticating users at the system level (i.e., at logon), organizations may also employ authentication mechanisms at the application level, when necessary, to provide increased information security.
Access to organizational systems is defined as local access or network access. Local access is any access to organizational systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is obtained by direct connections without the use of networks. Network access is access to systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is obtained through network connections (i.e., nonlocal accesses). Remote access is a type of network access that involves communication through external networks. The use of encrypted virtual private networks for connections between organization-controlled and non-organization controlled endpoints may be treated as internal networks with regard to protecting the confidentiality of information. |
link |
3 |
| CMMC_L3 |
IA.3.084 |
CMMC_L3_IA.3.084 |
CMMC L3 IA.3.084 |
Identification and Authentication |
Employ replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged and nonprivileged accounts. |
Shared |
Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement. |
Authentication processes resist replay attacks if it is impractical to successfully authenticate by recording or replaying previous authentication messages. Replay-resistant techniques include protocols that use nonces or challenges such as time synchronous or challenge-response one-time authenticators. |
link |
8 |
| CMMC_L3 |
SC.3.190 |
CMMC_L3_SC.3.190 |
CMMC L3 SC.3.190 |
System and Communications Protection |
Protect the authenticity of communications sessions. |
Shared |
Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement. |
Authenticity protection includes protecting against man-in-the-middle attacks, session hijacking, and the insertion of false information into communications sessions. This requirement addresses communications protection at the session versus packet level (e.g., sessions in service-oriented architectures providing web-based services) and establishes grounds for confidence at both ends of communications sessions in ongoing identities of other parties and in the validity of information transmitted. |
link |
11 |
| FedRAMP_High_R4 |
AC-3 |
FedRAMP_High_R4_AC-3 |
FedRAMP High AC-3 |
Access Control |
Access Enforcement |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system enforces approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.
Supplemental Guidance: Access control policies (e.g., identity-based policies, role-based policies, attribute-based policies) and access enforcement mechanisms (e.g., access control lists, access control matrices, cryptography) control access between active entities or subjects (i.e., users or processes acting on behalf of users) and passive entities or objects (e.g., devices, files, records, domains) in information systems. In addition to enforcing authorized access at the information system level and recognizing that information systems can host many applications and services in support of organizational missions and business operations, access enforcement mechanisms can also be employed at the application and service level to provide increased information security. Related controls: AC-2, AC-4, AC-5, AC-6, AC-16, AC-17, AC-18, AC-19, AC-20, AC-21, AC-22, AU-9, CM-5, CM-6, CM-11, MA-3, MA-4, MA-5, PE-3.
References: None. |
link |
21 |
| FedRAMP_High_R4 |
IA-2 |
FedRAMP_High_R4_IA-2 |
FedRAMP High IA-2 |
Identification And Authentication |
Identification And Authentication
(Organizational Users) |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system uniquely identifies and authenticates organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users).
Supplemental Guidance: Organizational users include employees or individuals that organizations deem to have equivalent status of employees (e.g., contractors, guest researchers). This control applies to all accesses other than: (i) accesses that are explicitly identified and documented in AC-14; and (ii) accesses that occur through authorized use of group authenticators without individual authentication. Organizations may require unique identification of individuals in group accounts (e.g., shared privilege accounts) or for detailed accountability of individual activity. Organizations employ passwords, tokens, or biometrics to authenticate user identities, or in the case multifactor authentication, or some combination thereof. Access to organizational information systems is defined as either local access or network access. Local access is any access to organizational information systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is
obtained by direct connections without the use of networks. Network access is access to organizational information systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is obtained through network connections (i.e., nonlocal accesses). Remote access is a type of network access that involves communication through external networks (e.g., the Internet). Internal networks include local area networks and wide area networks. In addition, the use of encrypted virtual private networks (VPNs) for network connections between organization- controlled endpoints and non-organization controlled endpoints may be treated as internal networks from the perspective of protecting the confidentiality and integrity of information traversing the network.
Organizations can satisfy the identification and authentication requirements in this control by complying with the requirements in Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 consistent with the specific organizational implementation plans. Multifactor authentication requires the use of two or more different factors to achieve authentication. The factors are defined as: (i) something you know (e.g., password, personal identification number [PIN]); (ii) something you have (e.g.,
cryptographic identification device, token); or (iii) something you are (e.g., biometric). Multifactor solutions that require devices separate from information systems gaining access include, for example, hardware tokens providing time-based or challenge-response authenticators and smart cards such as the U.S. Government Personal Identity Verification card and the DoD common access card. In addition to identifying and authenticating users at the information system level
(i.e., at logon), organizations also employ identification and authentication mechanisms at the application level, when necessary, to provide increased information security. Identification and authentication requirements for other than organizational users are described in IA-8. Related controls: AC-2, AC-3, AC-14, AC-17, AC-18, IA-4, IA-5, IA-8.
References: HSPD-12; OMB Memoranda 04-04, 06-16, 11-11; FIPS Publication 201; NIST Special Publications 800-63, 800-73, 800-76, 800-78; FICAM Roadmap and Implementation Guidance; Web: http://idmanagement.gov. |
link |
10 |
| FedRAMP_High_R4 |
IA-2(2) |
FedRAMP_High_R4_IA-2(2) |
FedRAMP High IA-2 (2) |
Identification And Authentication |
Network Access To Non-Privileged Accounts |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system implements multifactor authentication for network access to non- privileged accounts. |
link |
2 |
| FedRAMP_Moderate_R4 |
AC-3 |
FedRAMP_Moderate_R4_AC-3 |
FedRAMP Moderate AC-3 |
Access Control |
Access Enforcement |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system enforces approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.
Supplemental Guidance: Access control policies (e.g., identity-based policies, role-based policies, attribute-based policies) and access enforcement mechanisms (e.g., access control lists, access control matrices, cryptography) control access between active entities or subjects (i.e., users or processes acting on behalf of users) and passive entities or objects (e.g., devices, files, records, domains) in information systems. In addition to enforcing authorized access at the information system level and recognizing that information systems can host many applications and services in support of organizational missions and business operations, access enforcement mechanisms can also be employed at the application and service level to provide increased information security. Related controls: AC-2, AC-4, AC-5, AC-6, AC-16, AC-17, AC-18, AC-19, AC-20, AC-21, AC-22, AU-9, CM-5, CM-6, CM-11, MA-3, MA-4, MA-5, PE-3.
References: None. |
link |
21 |
| FedRAMP_Moderate_R4 |
IA-2 |
FedRAMP_Moderate_R4_IA-2 |
FedRAMP Moderate IA-2 |
Identification And Authentication |
Identification And Authentication (Organizational Users) |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system uniquely identifies and authenticates organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users).
Supplemental Guidance: Organizational users include employees or individuals that organizations deem to have equivalent status of employees (e.g., contractors, guest researchers). This control applies to all accesses other than: (i) accesses that are explicitly identified and documented in AC-14; and (ii) accesses that occur through authorized use of group authenticators without individual authentication. Organizations may require unique identification of individuals in group accounts (e.g., shared privilege accounts) or for detailed accountability of individual activity. Organizations employ passwords, tokens, or biometrics to authenticate user identities, or in the case multifactor authentication, or some combination thereof. Access to organizational information systems is defined as either local access or network access. Local access is any access to organizational information systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is
obtained by direct connections without the use of networks. Network access is access to organizational information systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is obtained through network connections (i.e., nonlocal accesses). Remote access is a type of network access that involves communication through external networks (e.g., the Internet). Internal networks include local area networks and wide area networks. In addition, the use of encrypted virtual private networks (VPNs) for network connections between organization- controlled endpoints and non-organization controlled endpoints may be treated as internal networks from the perspective of protecting the confidentiality and integrity of information traversing the network.
Organizations can satisfy the identification and authentication requirements in this control by complying with the requirements in Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 consistent with the specific organizational implementation plans. Multifactor authentication requires the use of two or more different factors to achieve authentication. The factors are defined as: (i) something you know (e.g., password, personal identification number [PIN]); (ii) something you have (e.g.,
cryptographic identification device, token); or (iii) something you are (e.g., biometric). Multifactor solutions that require devices separate from information systems gaining access include, for example, hardware tokens providing time-based or challenge-response authenticators and smart cards such as the U.S. Government Personal Identity Verification card and the DoD common access card. In addition to identifying and authenticating users at the information system level
(i.e., at logon), organizations also employ identification and authentication mechanisms at the application level, when necessary, to provide increased information security. Identification and authentication requirements for other than organizational users are described in IA-8. Related controls: AC-2, AC-3, AC-14, AC-17, AC-18, IA-4, IA-5, IA-8.
References: HSPD-12; OMB Memoranda 04-04, 06-16, 11-11; FIPS Publication 201; NIST Special Publications 800-63, 800-73, 800-76, 800-78; FICAM Roadmap and Implementation Guidance; Web: http://idmanagement.gov. |
link |
10 |
| FedRAMP_Moderate_R4 |
IA-2(2) |
FedRAMP_Moderate_R4_IA-2(2) |
FedRAMP Moderate IA-2 (2) |
Identification And Authentication |
Network Access To Non-Privileged Accounts |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system implements multifactor authentication for network access to non- privileged accounts. |
link |
2 |
| hipaa |
11111.01q2System.4-01.q |
hipaa-11111.01q2System.4-01.q |
11111.01q2System.4-01.q |
11 Access Control |
11111.01q2System.4-01.q 01.05 Operating System Access Control |
Shared |
n/a |
When PKI-based authentication is used, the information system validates certificates by constructing and verifying a certification path to an accepted trust anchor, including checking certificate status information; enforces access to the corresponding private key; maps the identity to the corresponding account of the individual or group; and implements a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation in case of an inability to access revocation information via the network. |
|
4 |
| hipaa |
1118.01j2Organizational.124-01.j |
hipaa-1118.01j2Organizational.124-01.j |
1118.01j2Organizational.124-01.j |
11 Access Control |
1118.01j2Organizational.124-01.j 01.04 Network Access Control |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization has implemented encryption (e.g., VPN solutions or private lines) and logs remote access to the organization's network by employees, contractors, or third-party. |
|
9 |
| hipaa |
1174.01j1Organizational.7-01.j |
hipaa-1174.01j1Organizational.7-01.j |
1174.01j1Organizational.7 - 01.j |
User Authentication for External Connections |
The organization protects wireless access to systems containing sensitive information by authenticating both users and devices. |
Customer |
n/a |
Wireless access is not permitted for production data and datacenter hosting environments; thus, the control is not applicable. |
|
1 |
| hipaa |
1178.01j2Organizational.7-01.j |
hipaa-1178.01j2Organizational.7-01.j |
1178.01j2Organizational.7-01.j |
11 Access Control |
1178.01j2Organizational.7-01.j 01.04 Network Access Control |
Shared |
n/a |
Node authentication, including cryptographic techniques (e.g., machine certificates), can serve as an alternative means of authenticating groups of remote users where they are connected to a secure, shared computer facility. |
|
4 |
| IRS_1075_9.3 |
.7.2 |
IRS_1075_9.3.7.2 |
IRS 1075 9.3.7.2 |
Identification and Authentication |
Identification and Authentication (Organizational Users) (IA-2) |
|
n/a |
The information system must:
a. Uniquely identify and authenticate agency users (or processes acting on behalf of agency users)
b. Implement multi-factor authentication for all remote network access to privileged and non-privileged accounts for information systems that receive, process, store, or transmit FTI. (CE1, CE2)
c. Implement multi-factor authentication for remote access to privileged and non-privileged accounts such that one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the system gaining access. NIST SP 800-63 allows the use of software tokens. (CE11) |
link |
3 |
| ISO27001-2013 |
A.9.2.4 |
ISO27001-2013_A.9.2.4 |
ISO 27001:2013 A.9.2.4 |
Access Control |
Management of secret authentication information of users |
Shared |
n/a |
The allocation of secret authentication information shall be controlled through a formal management process. |
link |
21 |
| ISO27001-2013 |
A.9.4.2 |
ISO27001-2013_A.9.4.2 |
ISO 27001:2013 A.9.4.2 |
Access Control |
Secure log-on procedures |
Shared |
n/a |
Where required by the access control policy, access to systems and applications shall be controlled by a secure log-on procedure. |
link |
17 |
| New_Zealand_ISM |
23.3.19.C.01 |
New_Zealand_ISM_23.3.19.C.01 |
New_Zealand_ISM_23.3.19.C.01 |
23. Public Cloud Security |
23.3.19.C.01 Username and passwords |
|
n/a |
Where administration interfaces or portals are accessible from the internet, privileged accounts MUST be configured to use multiple factors of authentication. |
|
3 |
| NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3 |
.1.1 |
NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3.1.1 |
NIST SP 800-171 R2 3.1.1 |
Access Control |
Limit system access to authorized users, processes acting on behalf of authorized users, and devices (including other systems). |
Shared |
Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement. |
Access control policies (e.g., identity- or role-based policies, control matrices, and cryptography) control access between active entities or subjects (i.e., users or processes acting on behalf of users) and passive entities or objects (e.g., devices, files, records, and domains) in systems. Access enforcement mechanisms can be employed at the application and service level to provide increased information security. Other systems include systems internal and external to the organization. This requirement focuses on account management for systems and applications. The definition of and enforcement of access authorizations, other than those determined by account type (e.g., privileged verses non-privileged) are addressed in requirement 3.1.2. |
link |
55 |
| NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3 |
.1.2 |
NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3.1.2 |
NIST SP 800-171 R2 3.1.2 |
Access Control |
Limit system access to the types of transactions and functions that authorized users are permitted to execute. |
Shared |
Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement. |
Organizations may choose to define access privileges or other attributes by account, by type of account, or a combination of both. System account types include individual, shared, group, system, anonymous, guest, emergency, developer, manufacturer, vendor, and temporary. Other attributes required for authorizing access include restrictions on time-of-day, day-of-week, and point-of-origin. In defining other account attributes, organizations consider system-related requirements (e.g., system upgrades scheduled maintenance,) and mission or business requirements, (e.g., time zone differences, customer requirements, remote access to support travel requirements). |
link |
31 |
| NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3 |
.5.2 |
NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3.5.2 |
NIST SP 800-171 R2 3.5.2 |
Identification and Authentication |
Authenticate (or verify) the identities of users, processes, or devices, as a prerequisite to allowing access to organizational systems. |
Shared |
Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement. |
Individual authenticators include the following: passwords, key cards, cryptographic devices, and one-time password devices. Initial authenticator content is the actual content of the authenticator, for example, the initial password. In contrast, the requirements about authenticator content include the minimum password length. Developers ship system components with factory default authentication credentials to allow for initial installation and configuration. Default authentication credentials are often well known, easily discoverable, and present a significant security risk. Systems support authenticator management by organization-defined settings and restrictions for various authenticator characteristics including minimum password length, validation time window for time synchronous one-time tokens, and number of allowed rejections during the verification stage of biometric authentication. Authenticator management includes issuing and revoking, when no longer needed, authenticators for temporary access such as that required for remote maintenance. Device authenticators include certificates and passwords. [SP 800-63-3] provides guidance on digital identities. |
link |
24 |
| NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3 |
.5.3 |
NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3.5.3 |
NIST SP 800-171 R2 3.5.3 |
Identification and Authentication |
Use multifactor authentication for local and network access to privileged accounts and for network access to non-privileged accounts |
Shared |
Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement. |
Multifactor authentication requires the use of two or more different factors to authenticate. The factors are defined as something you know (e.g., password, personal identification number [PIN]); something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); or something you are (e.g., biometric). Multifactor authentication solutions that feature physical authenticators include hardware authenticators providing time-based or challenge-response authenticators and smart cards. In addition to authenticating users at the system level (i.e., at logon), organizations may also employ authentication mechanisms at the application level, when necessary, to provide increased information security. Access to organizational systems is defined as local access or network access. Local access is any access to organizational systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is obtained by direct connections without the use of networks. Network access is access to systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is obtained through network connections (i.e., nonlocal accesses). Remote access is a type of network access that involves communication through external networks. The use of encrypted virtual private networks for connections between organization-controlled and non-organization controlled endpoints may be treated as internal networks with regard to protecting the confidentiality of information. [SP 800-63-3] provides guidance on digital identities.
Multifactor authentication requires two or more different factors to achieve authentication. The factors include: something you know (e.g., password/PIN); something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); or something you are (e.g., biometric). The requirement for multifactor authentication should not be interpreted as requiring federal Personal Identity Verification (PIV) card or Department of Defense Common Access Card (CAC)-like solutions. A variety of multifactor solutions (including those with replay resistance) using tokens and biometrics are commercially available. Such solutions may employ hard tokens (e.g., smartcards, key fobs, or dongles) or soft tokens to store user credentials.
Local access is any access to a system by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a direct connection without the use of a network. Network access is any access to a system by a user (or a process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, Internet). |
link |
5 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R4 |
AC-3 |
NIST_SP_800-53_R4_AC-3 |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 AC-3 |
Access Control |
Access Enforcement |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system enforces approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.
Supplemental Guidance: Access control policies (e.g., identity-based policies, role-based policies, attribute-based policies) and access enforcement mechanisms (e.g., access control lists, access control matrices, cryptography) control access between active entities or subjects (i.e., users or processes acting on behalf of users) and passive entities or objects (e.g., devices, files, records, domains) in information systems. In addition to enforcing authorized access at the information system level and recognizing that information systems can host many applications and services in support of organizational missions and business operations, access enforcement mechanisms can also be employed at the application and service level to provide increased information security. Related controls: AC-2, AC-4, AC-5, AC-6, AC-16, AC-17, AC-18, AC-19, AC-20, AC-21, AC-22, AU-9, CM-5, CM-6, CM-11, MA-3, MA-4, MA-5, PE-3.
References: None. |
link |
21 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R4 |
IA-2 |
NIST_SP_800-53_R4_IA-2 |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 IA-2 |
Identification And Authentication |
Identification And Authentication (Organizational Users) |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system uniquely identifies and authenticates organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users).
Supplemental Guidance: Organizational users include employees or individuals that organizations deem to have equivalent status of employees (e.g., contractors, guest researchers). This control applies to all accesses other than: (i) accesses that are explicitly identified and documented in AC-14; and (ii) accesses that occur through authorized use of group authenticators without individual authentication. Organizations may require unique identification of individuals in group accounts (e.g., shared privilege accounts) or for detailed accountability of individual activity. Organizations employ passwords, tokens, or biometrics to authenticate user identities, or in the case multifactor authentication, or some combination thereof. Access to organizational information systems is defined as either local access or network access. Local access is any access to organizational information systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is
obtained by direct connections without the use of networks. Network access is access to organizational information systems by users (or processes acting on behalf of users) where such access is obtained through network connections (i.e., nonlocal accesses). Remote access is a type of network access that involves communication through external networks (e.g., the Internet). Internal networks include local area networks and wide area networks. In addition, the use of encrypted virtual private networks (VPNs) for network connections between organization- controlled endpoints and non-organization controlled endpoints may be treated as internal networks from the perspective of protecting the confidentiality and integrity of information traversing the network.
Organizations can satisfy the identification and authentication requirements in this control by complying with the requirements in Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 consistent with the specific organizational implementation plans. Multifactor authentication requires the use of two or more different factors to achieve authentication. The factors are defined as: (i) something you know (e.g., password, personal identification number [PIN]); (ii) something you have (e.g.,
cryptographic identification device, token); or (iii) something you are (e.g., biometric). Multifactor solutions that require devices separate from information systems gaining access include, for example, hardware tokens providing time-based or challenge-response authenticators and smart cards such as the U.S. Government Personal Identity Verification card and the DoD common access card. In addition to identifying and authenticating users at the information system level
(i.e., at logon), organizations also employ identification and authentication mechanisms at the application level, when necessary, to provide increased information security. Identification and authentication requirements for other than organizational users are described in IA-8. Related controls: AC-2, AC-3, AC-14, AC-17, AC-18, IA-4, IA-5, IA-8.
References: HSPD-12; OMB Memoranda 04-04, 06-16, 11-11; FIPS Publication 201; NIST Special Publications 800-63, 800-73, 800-76, 800-78; FICAM Roadmap and Implementation Guidance; Web: http://idmanagement.gov. |
link |
10 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R4 |
IA-2(2) |
NIST_SP_800-53_R4_IA-2(2) |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 IA-2 (2) |
Identification And Authentication |
Network Access To Non-Privileged Accounts |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system implements multifactor authentication for network access to non- privileged accounts. |
link |
2 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R5 |
AC-3 |
NIST_SP_800-53_R5_AC-3 |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 AC-3 |
Access Control |
Access Enforcement |
Shared |
n/a |
Enforce approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies. |
link |
21 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R5 |
IA-2 |
NIST_SP_800-53_R5_IA-2 |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 IA-2 |
Identification and Authentication |
Identification and Authentication (organizational Users) |
Shared |
n/a |
Uniquely identify and authenticate organizational users and associate that unique identification with processes acting on behalf of those users. |
link |
10 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R5 |
IA-2(2) |
NIST_SP_800-53_R5_IA-2(2) |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 IA-2 (2) |
Identification and Authentication |
Multi-factor Authentication to Non-privileged Accounts |
Shared |
n/a |
Implement multi-factor authentication for access to non-privileged accounts. |
link |
2 |
| NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme |
U.10.2(2) |
NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme_U.10.2(2) |
NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme_U.10.2(2) |
U.10 Access to IT services and data |
Users |
|
n/a |
Under the responsibility of the CSP, administrators shall be granted access: to data with the least privilege principle; to data with the need-to-know principle; with multi-factor authentication; to data and application functions via technical measures. |
|
25 |
| NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme |
U.10.3(2) |
NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme_U.10.3(2) |
NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme_U.10.3(2) |
U.10 Access to IT services and data |
Users |
|
n/a |
Only users with authenticated equipment can access IT services and data. |
|
32 |
| NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme |
U.10.5(2) |
NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme_U.10.5(2) |
NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme_U.10.5(2) |
U.10 Access to IT services and data |
Competent |
|
n/a |
Under the responsibility of the CSP, privileges (system authorisations) for users are granted through formal procedures. |
|
25 |
| NZ_ISM_v3.5 |
AC-3 |
NZ_ISM_v3.5_AC-3 |
NZISM Security Benchmark AC-3 |
Access Control and Passwords |
16.1.35 Methods for system user identification and authentication |
Customer |
n/a |
A personal identification number is typically short in length and employs a small character set, making it susceptible to brute force attacks. |
link |
1 |
| NZISM_Security_Benchmark_v1.1 |
AC-3 |
NZISM_Security_Benchmark_v1.1_AC-3 |
NZISM Security Benchmark AC-3 |
Access Control and Passwords |
16.1.35 Methods for system user identification and authentication |
Customer |
Agencies SHOULD ensure that they combine the use of multiple methods when identifying and authenticating system users. |
A personal identification number is typically short in length and employs a small character set, making it susceptible to brute force attacks. |
link |
1 |
|
op.acc.1 Identification |
op.acc.1 Identification |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
66 |
|
op.acc.2 Access requirements |
op.acc.2 Access requirements |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
64 |
|
op.acc.5 Authentication mechanism (external users) |
op.acc.5 Authentication mechanism (external users) |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
72 |
|
op.acc.6 Authentication mechanism (organization users) |
op.acc.6 Authentication mechanism (organization users) |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
78 |
|
op.exp.10 Cryptographic key protection |
op.exp.10 Cryptographic key protection |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
53 |
| RBI_CSF_Banks_v2016 |
8.1 |
RBI_CSF_Banks_v2016_8.1 |
|
User Access Control / Management |
User Access Control / Management-8.1 |
|
n/a |
Provide secure access to the bank???s assets/services from within/outside bank???s
network by protecting data/information at rest (e.g. using encryption, if supported by
the device) and in-transit (e.g. using technologies such as VPN or other secure web
protocols, etc.) |
|
10 |
| RBI_CSF_Banks_v2016 |
9.1 |
RBI_CSF_Banks_v2016_9.1 |
|
Authentication Framework For Customers |
Authentication Framework For Customers-9.1 |
|
n/a |
Implement authentication framework/mechanism to provide positive identify verification of bank to customers. |
|
4 |
| RBI_CSF_Banks_v2016 |
9.3 |
RBI_CSF_Banks_v2016_9.3 |
|
Authentication Framework For Customers |
Authentication Framework For Customers-9.3 |
|
n/a |
Banks should act as the identity provider for identification and authentication of customers for access to partner systems using secure authentication technologies |
|
7 |
| RBI_ITF_NBFC_v2017 |
3.1.c |
RBI_ITF_NBFC_v2017_3.1.c |
RBI IT Framework 3.1.c |
Information and Cyber Security |
Role based Access Control-3.1 |
|
n/a |
The IS Policy must provide for a IS framework with the following basic tenets:
Role based Access Control ??? Access to information should be based on well-defined user roles (system administrator, user manager, application owner etc.), NBFCs shall avoid dependence on one or few persons for a particular job. There should be clear delegation of authority for right to upgrade/change user profiles and permissions and also key business parameters (eg. interest rates) which should be documented. |
link |
15 |
| RBI_ITF_NBFC_v2017 |
3.1.f |
RBI_ITF_NBFC_v2017_3.1.f |
RBI IT Framework 3.1.f |
Information and Cyber Security |
Maker-checker-3.1 |
|
n/a |
The IS Policy must provide for a IS framework with the following basic tenets:
Maker-checker is one of the important principles of authorization in the information systems of financial entities. For each transaction, there must be at least two individuals necessary for its completion as this will reduce the risk of error and will ensure reliability of information. |
link |
23 |
| RMiT_v1.0 |
10.54 |
RMiT_v1.0_10.54 |
RMiT 10.54 |
Access Control |
Access Control - 10.54 |
Shared |
n/a |
A financial institution must implement an appropriate access controls policy for the identification, authentication and authorisation of users (internal and external users such as third party service providers). This must address both logical and physical technology access controls which are commensurate with the level of risk of unauthorised access to its technology systems. |
link |
17 |
| RMiT_v1.0 |
10.58 |
RMiT_v1.0_10.58 |
RMiT 10.58 |
Access Control |
Access Control - 10.58 |
Shared |
n/a |
Authentication methods that depend on more than one factor typically are more difficult to compromise than a single factor system. In view of this, financial institutions are encouraged to properly design and implement (especially in high-risk or 'single sign-on' systems) multi-factor authentication (MFA) that are more reliable and provide stronger fraud deterrents. |
link |
3 |
| RMiT_v1.0 |
10.61 |
RMiT_v1.0_10.61 |
RMiT 10.61 |
Access Control |
Access Control - 10.61 |
Shared |
n/a |
A financial institution must ensure'
(a) access controls to enterprise-wide systems are effectively managed and monitored; and
(b) user activities in critical systems are logged for audit and investigations. Activity logs must be maintained for at least three years and regularly reviewed in a timely manner. |
link |
8 |
| SOC_2 |
CC6.1 |
SOC_2_CC6.1 |
SOC 2 Type 2 CC6.1 |
Logical and Physical Access Controls |
Logical access security software, infrastructure, and architectures |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The following points of focus, specifically related to all engagements using the trust services criteria, highlight important characteristics relating to this criterion:
• Identifies and Manages the Inventory of Information Assets — The entity identifies,
Page 29
TSP
Ref. #
TRUST SERVICES CRITERIA AND POINTS OF FOCUS
inventories, classifies, and manages information assets.
• Restricts Logical Access — Logical access to information assets, including hardware, data (at-rest, during processing, or in transmission), software, administrative
authorities, mobile devices, output, and offline system components is restricted
through the use of access control software and rule sets.
• Identifies and Authenticates Users — Persons, infrastructure, and software are
identified and authenticated prior to accessing information assets, whether locally
or remotely.
• Considers Network Segmentation — Network segmentation permits unrelated portions of the entity's information system to be isolated from each other.
• Manages Points of Access — Points of access by outside entities and the types of
data that flow through the points of access are identified, inventoried, and managed. The types of individuals and systems using each point of access are identified,
documented, and managed.
• Restricts Access to Information Assets — Combinations of data classification, separate data structures, port restrictions, access protocol restrictions, user identification, and digital certificates are used to establish access-control rules for information assets.
• Manages Identification and Authentication — Identification and authentication requirements are established, documented, and managed for individuals and systems
accessing entity information, infrastructure, and software.
• Manages Credentials for Infrastructure and Software — New internal and external
infrastructure and software are registered, authorized, and documented prior to being granted access credentials and implemented on the network or access point.
Credentials are removed and access is disabled when access is no longer required
or the infrastructure and software are no longer in use.
• Uses Encryption to Protect Data — The entity uses encryption to supplement other
measures used to protect data at rest, when such protections are deemed appropriate based on assessed risk.
• Protects Encryption Keys — Processes are in place to protect encryption keys during generation, storage, use, and destruction |
|
78 |
| SOC_2 |
CC6.6 |
SOC_2_CC6.6 |
SOC 2 Type 2 CC6.6 |
Logical and Physical Access Controls |
Security measures against threats outside system boundaries |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
• Restricts Access — The types of activities that can occur through a communication
channel (for example, FTP site, router port) are restricted.
• Protects Identification and Authentication Credentials — Identification and authentication credentials are protected during transmission outside its system boundaries.
• Requires Additional Authentication or Credentials — Additional authentication information or credentials are required when accessing the system from outside its
boundaries.
• Implements Boundary Protection Systems — Boundary protection systems (for example, firewalls, demilitarized zones, and intrusion detection systems) are implemented to protect external access points from attempts and unauthorized access and
are monitored to detect such attempts |
|
40 |
| SWIFT_CSCF_v2021 |
4.2 |
SWIFT_CSCF_v2021_4.2 |
SWIFT CSCF v2021 4.2 |
Prevent Compromise of Credentials |
Multi-factor Authentication |
|
n/a |
Prevent that a compromise of a single authentication factor allows access into SWIFT systems or applications, by implementing multi-factor authentication.. |
link |
3 |
| SWIFT_CSCF_v2022 |
4.2 |
SWIFT_CSCF_v2022_4.2 |
SWIFT CSCF v2022 4.2 |
4. Prevent Compromise of Credentials |
Prevent that a compromise of a single authentication factor allows access into SWIFT-related systems or applications by implementing multi-factor authentication. |
Shared |
n/a |
Multi-factor authentication is used for interactive user access to SWIFT-related applications and operating system accounts. |
link |
5 |
|
U.10.2 - Users |
U.10.2 - Users |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
25 |
|
U.10.3 - Users |
U.10.3 - Users |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
26 |
|
U.10.5 - Competent |
U.10.5 - Competent |
404 not found |
|
|
|
n/a |
n/a |
|
24 |
| UK_NCSC_CSP |
10 |
UK_NCSC_CSP_10 |
UK NCSC CSP 10 |
Identity and authentication |
Identity and authentication |
Shared |
n/a |
All access to service interfaces should be constrained to authenticated and authorised individuals. |
link |
25 |
| UK_NCSC_CSP |
9.1 |
UK_NCSC_CSP_9.1 |
UK NCSC CSP 9.1 |
Secure user management |
Authentication of users to management interfaces and support channels |
Shared |
n/a |
In order to maintain a secure service, users need to be properly authenticated before being allowed to perform management activities, report faults or request changes to the service. |
link |
6 |