Az Policy Advertizer

Azure_Security_Benchmark_v2.0

LT-4

Azure_Security_Benchmark_v2.0_LT-4

Azure Security Benchmark LT-4

Logging and Threat Detection

Enable logging for Azure resources

Shared

Enable logging for Azure resources to meet the requirements for compliance, threat detection, hunting, and incident investigation. You can use Azure Security Center and Azure Policy to enable resource logs and log data collecting on Azure resources for access to audit, security, and resource logs. Activity logs, which are automatically available, include event source, date, user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. Understand logging and different log types in Azure: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/platform/platform-logs-overview Understand Azure Security Center data collection: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/security-center/security-center-enable-data-collection Enable and configure antimalware monitoring: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/security/fundamentals/antimalware#enable-and-configure-antimalware-monitoring-using-powershell-cmdlets

n/a

Azure_Security_Benchmark_v3.0

LT-3

Azure_Security_Benchmark_v3.0_LT-3

Microsoft cloud security benchmark LT-3

Logging and Threat Detection

Enable logging for security investigation

Shared

**Security Principle:** Enable logging for your cloud resources to meet the requirements for security incident investigations and security response and compliance purposes. **Azure Guidance:** Enable logging capability for resources at the different tiers, such as logs for Azure resources, operating systems and applications inside in your VMs and other log types. Be mindful about different type of logs for security, audit, and other operation logs at the management/control plane and data plane tiers. There are three types of the logs available at the Azure platform: - Azure resource log: Logging of operations that are performed within an Azure resource (the data plane). For example, getting a secret from a key vault or making a request to a database. The content of resource logs varies by the Azure service and resource type. - Azure activity log: Logging of operations on each Azure resource at the subscription layer, from the outside (the management plane). You can use the Activity Log to determine the what, who, and when for any write operations (PUT, POST, DELETE) taken on the resources in your subscription. There is a single Activity log for each Azure subscription. - Microsoft Entra logs: Logs of the history of sign-in activity and audit trail of changes made in the Microsoft Entra ID for a particular tenant. You can also use Microsoft Defender for Cloud and Azure Policy to enable resource logs and log data collecting on Azure resources. **Implementation and additional context:** Understand logging and different log types in Azure: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/platform/platform-logs-overview Understand Microsoft Defender for Cloud data collection: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/security-center/security-center-enable-data-collection Enable and configure antimalware monitoring: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/security/fundamentals/antimalware#enable-and-configure-antimalware-monitoring-using-powershell-cmdlets Operating systems and application logs inside in your compute resources: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/agents/data-sources#operating-system-guest

n/a

CIS_Azure_1.3.0

5.3

CIS_Azure_1.3.0_5.3

CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.3

5 Logging and Monitoring

Ensure that Diagnostic Logs are enabled for all services which support it.

Shared

The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation.

Diagnostic Logs capture activity to the data access plane while the Activity log is a subscription-level log for the control plane. Resource-level diagnostic logs provide insight into operations that were performed within that resource itself, for example, getting a secret from a Key Vault. Currently, 32 Azure resources support Diagnostic Logging (See the references section for a complete list), including Network Security Groups, Load Balancers, Key Vault, AD, Logic Apps and CosmosDB. The content of these logs varies by resource type. For example, Windows event system logs are a category of diagnostics logs for VMs, and blob, table, and queue logs are categories of diagnostics logs for storage accounts. A number of back-end services were not configured to log and store Diagnostic Logs for certain activities or for a sufficient length. It is crucial that logging systems are correctly configured to log all relevant activities and retain those logs for a sufficient length of time. By default, Diagnostic Logs are not enabled. Given that the mean time to detection in an enterprise is 240 days, a minimum retention period of two years is recommended. Note: The CIS Benchmark covers some specific Diagnostic Logs separately. ''' 3.3 - Ensure Storage logging is enabled for Queue service for read, write, and delete requests 6.4 Ensure that Network Security Group Flow Log retention period is 'greater than 90 days' '''

CIS_Azure_1.4.0

5.3

CIS_Azure_1.4.0_5.3

CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.3

5 Logging and Monitoring

Ensure that Diagnostic Logs Are Enabled for All Services that Support it.

Shared

The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation.

CIS_Azure_2.0.0

5.4

CIS_Azure_2.0.0_5.4

CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.4

Ensure that Azure Monitor Resource Logging is Enabled for All Services that Support it

Shared

Costs for monitoring varies with Log Volume. Not every resource needs to have logging enabled. It is important to determine the security classification of the data being processed by the given resource and adjust the logging based on which events need to be tracked. This is typically determined by governance and compliance requirements.

Resource Logs capture activity to the data access plane while the Activity log is a subscription-level log for the control plane. Resource-level diagnostic logs provide insight into operations that were performed within that resource itself; for example, reading or updating a secret from a Key Vault. Currently, 95 Azure resources support Azure Monitoring (See the more information section for a complete list), including Network Security Groups, Load Balancers, Key Vault, AD, Logic Apps, and CosmosDB. The content of these logs varies by resource type. A number of back-end services were not configured to log and store Resource Logs for certain activities or for a sufficient length. It is crucial that monitoring is correctly configured to log all relevant activities and retain those logs for a sufficient length of time. Given that the mean time to detection in an enterprise is 240 days, a minimum retention period of two years is recommended. A lack of monitoring reduces the visibility into the data plane, and therefore an organization's ability to detect reconnaissance, authorization attempts or other malicious activity. Unlike Activity Logs, Resource Logs are not enabled by default. Specifically, without monitoring it would be impossible to tell which entities had accessed a data store that was breached. In addition, alerts for failed attempts to access APIs for Web Services or Databases are only possible when logging is enabled.

CMMC_2.0_L2

AU.L2-3.3.1

CMMC_2.0_L2_AU.L2-3.3.1

404 not found

n/a

CMMC_2.0_L2

AU.L2-3.3.2

CMMC_2.0_L2_AU.L2-3.3.2

404 not found

n/a

AU-12

FedRAMP_High_R4_AU-12

FedRAMP High AU-12

Audit And Accountability

Audit Generation

Shared

n/a

The information system: a. Provides audit record generation capability for the auditable events defined in AU-2 a. at [Assignment: organization-defined information system components]; b. Allows [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] to select which auditable events are to be audited by specific components of the information system; and c. Generates audit records for the events defined in AU-2 d. with the content defined in AU-3. Supplemental Guidance: Audit records can be generated from many different information system components. The list of audited events is the set of events for which audits are to be generated. These events are typically a subset of all events for which the information system is capable of generating audit records. Related controls: AC-3, AU-2, AU-3, AU-6, AU-7. References: None.

AU-12(1)

FedRAMP_High_R4_AU-12(1)

FedRAMP High AU-12 (1)

Audit And Accountability

System-Wide / Time-Correlated Audit Trail

Shared

n/a

The information system compiles audit records from [Assignment: organization-defined information system components] into a system-wide (logical or physical) audit trail that is time- correlated to within [Assignment: organization-defined level of tolerance for relationship between time stamps of individual records in the audit trail]. Supplemental Guidance: Audit trails are time-correlated if the time stamps in the individual audit records can be reliably related to the time stamps in other audit records to achieve a time ordering of the records within organizational tolerances. Related controls: AU-8, AU-12.

AU-6(4)

FedRAMP_High_R4_AU-6(4)

FedRAMP High AU-6 (4)

Audit And Accountability

Central Review And Analysis

Shared

n/a

The information system provides the capability to centrally review and analyze audit records from multiple components within the system. Supplemental Guidance: Automated mechanisms for centralized reviews and analyses include, for example, Security Information Management products. Related controls: AU-2, AU-12.

AU-6(5)

FedRAMP_High_R4_AU-6(5)

FedRAMP High AU-6 (5)

Audit And Accountability

Integration / Scanning And Monitoring Capabilities

Shared

n/a

The organization integrates analysis of audit records with analysis of [Selection (one or more): vulnerability scanning information; performance data; information system monitoring information; [Assignment: organization-defined data/information collected from other sources]] to further enhance the ability to identify inappropriate or unusual activity. Supplemental Guidance: This control enhancement does not require vulnerability scanning, the generation of performance data, or information system monitoring. Rather, the enhancement requires that the analysis of information being otherwise produced in these areas is integrated with the analysis of audit information. Security Event and Information Management System tools can facilitate audit record aggregation/consolidation from multiple information system components as well as audit record correlation and analysis. The use of standardized audit record analysis scripts developed by organizations (with localized script adjustments, as necessary) provides more cost-effective approaches for analyzing audit record information collected. The correlation of audit record information with vulnerability scanning information is important in determining the veracity of vulnerability scans and correlating attack detection events with scanning results. Correlation with performance data can help uncover denial of service attacks or cyber attacks resulting in unauthorized use of resources. Correlation with system monitoring information can assist in uncovering attacks and in better relating audit information to operational situations. Related controls: AU-12, IR-4, RA-5.

FedRAMP_Moderate_R4_AU-12

FedRAMP_Moderate_R4

AU-12

FedRAMP Moderate AU-12

Audit And Accountability

Audit Generation

Shared

n/a

hipaa-1207.09aa2System.4-09.aa

hipaa

1207.09aa2System.4-09.aa

1207.09aa2System.4-09.aa

12 Audit Logging & Monitoring

1207.09aa2System.4-09.aa 09.10 Monitoring

Shared

n/a

Audit records are retained for 90 days and older audit records are archived for one year.

New_Zealand_ISM

23.5.11.C.01

New_Zealand_ISM_23.5.11.C.01

23. Public Cloud Security

23.5.11.C.01 Logging requirements

n/a

Agencies MUST ensure that logs associated with public cloud services are collected, protected, and that their integrity can be confirmed in accordance with the agency’s documented logging requirements.

NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3

.3.1

NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3.3.1

NIST SP 800-171 R2 3.3.1

Audit and Accountability

Create and retain system audit logs and records to the extent needed to enable the monitoring, analysis, investigation, and reporting of unlawful or unauthorized system activity

Shared

Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement.

An event is any observable occurrence in a system, which includes unlawful or unauthorized system activity. Organizations identify event types for which a logging functionality is needed as those events which are significant and relevant to the security of systems and the environments in which those systems operate to meet specific and ongoing auditing needs. Event types can include password changes, failed logons or failed accesses related to systems, administrative privilege usage, or third-party credential usage. In determining event types that require logging, organizations consider the monitoring and auditing appropriate for each of the CUI security requirements. Monitoring and auditing requirements can be balanced with other system needs. For example, organizations may determine that systems must have the capability to log every file access both successful and unsuccessful, but not activate that capability except for specific circumstances due to the potential burden on system performance. Audit records can be generated at various levels of abstraction, including at the packet level as information traverses the network. Selecting the appropriate level of abstraction is a critical aspect of an audit logging capability and can facilitate the identification of root causes to problems. Organizations consider in the definition of event types, the logging necessary to cover related events such as the steps in distributed, transaction-based processes (e.g., processes that are distributed across multiple organizations) and actions that occur in service-oriented or cloud-based architectures. Audit record content that may be necessary to satisfy this requirement includes time stamps, source and destination addresses, user or process identifiers, event descriptions, success or fail indications, filenames involved, and access control or flow control rules invoked. Event outcomes can include indicators of event success or failure and event-specific results (e.g., the security state of the system after the event occurred). Detailed information that organizations may consider in audit records includes full text recording of privileged commands or the individual identities of group account users. Organizations consider limiting the additional audit log information to only that information explicitly needed for specific audit requirements. This facilitates the use of audit trails and audit logs by not including information that could potentially be misleading or could make it more difficult to locate information of interest. Audit logs are reviewed and analyzed as often as needed to provide important information to organizations to facilitate risk-based decision making. [SP 800-92] provides guidance on security log management.

NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3

.3.2

NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3.3.2

NIST SP 800-171 R2 3.3.2

Audit and Accountability

Ensure that the actions of individual system users can be uniquely traced to those users, so they can be held accountable for their actions.

Shared

Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement.

This requirement ensures that the contents of the audit record include the information needed to link the audit event to the actions of an individual to the extent feasible. Organizations consider logging for traceability including results from monitoring of account usage, remote access, wireless connectivity, mobile device connection, communications at system boundaries, configuration settings, physical access, nonlocal maintenance, use of maintenance tools, temperature and humidity, equipment delivery and removal, system component inventory, use of mobile code, and use of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).

AU-12

NIST_SP_800-53_R4_AU-12

NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 AU-12

Audit And Accountability

Audit Generation

Shared

n/a

NIST_SP_800-53_R4_AU-12(1)

AU-12(1)

NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 AU-12 (1)

Audit And Accountability

System-Wide / Time-Correlated Audit Trail

Shared

n/a

NIST_SP_800-53_R4_AU-6(4)

AU-6(4)

NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 AU-6 (4)

Audit And Accountability

Central Review And Analysis

Shared

n/a

NIST_SP_800-53_R4_AU-6(5)

AU-6(5)

NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 AU-6 (5)

Audit And Accountability

Integration / Scanning And Monitoring Capabilities

Shared

n/a

AU-12

NIST_SP_800-53_R5_AU-12

NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 AU-12

Audit and Accountability

Audit Record Generation

Shared

n/a

a. Provide audit record generation capability for the event types the system is capable of auditing as defined in [AU-2a](#au-2_smt.a) on [Assignment: organization-defined system components]; b. Allow [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] to select the event types that are to be logged by specific components of the system; and c. Generate audit records for the event types defined in [AU-2c](#au-2_smt.c) that include the audit record content defined in [AU-3](#au-3).

NIST_SP_800-53_R5_AU-12(1)

AU-12(1)

NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 AU-12 (1)

Audit and Accountability

System-wide and Time-correlated Audit Trail

Shared

n/a

Compile audit records from [Assignment: organization-defined system components] into a system-wide (logical or physical) audit trail that is time-correlated to within [Assignment: organization-defined level of tolerance for the relationship between time stamps of individual records in the audit trail].

NIST_SP_800-53_R5_AU-6(4)

AU-6(4)

NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 AU-6 (4)

Audit and Accountability

Central Review and Analysis

Shared

n/a

Provide and implement the capability to centrally review and analyze audit records from multiple components within the system.

NIST_SP_800-53_R5_AU-6(5)

AU-6(5)

NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 AU-6 (5)

Audit and Accountability

Integrated Analysis of Audit Records

Shared

n/a

Integrate analysis of audit records with analysis of [Selection (OneOrMore): vulnerability scanning information;performance data;system monitoring information; [Assignment: organization-defined data/information collected from other sources] ] to further enhance the ability to identify inappropriate or unusual activity.

NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme_U.15.1(2)

NL_BIO_Cloud_Theme

U.15.1(2)

U.15 Logging and monitoring

Events Logged

n/a

The malware protection is carried out on various environments, such as on mail servers, (desktop) computers and when accessing the organization's network. The scan for malware includes: all files received over networks or through any form of storage medium, even before use; all attachments and downloads even before use; virtual machines; network traffic.

NZ_ISM_v3.5

AC-18

NZ_ISM_v3.5_AC-18

NZISM Security Benchmark AC-18

Access Control and Passwords

16.6.9 Events to be logged

Customer

n/a

The events to be logged are key elements in the monitoring of the security posture of systems and contributing to reviews, audits, investigations and incident management.

NZISM_Security_Benchmark_v1.1

AC-17

NZISM_Security_Benchmark_v1.1_AC-17

NZISM Security Benchmark AC-17

Access Control and Passwords

16.6.9 Events to be logged

Customer

Agencies MUST log, at minimum, the following events for all software components: logons; failed logon attempts; logoffs; date and time; all privileged operations; failed attempts to elevate privileges; security related system alerts and failures; system user and group additions, deletions and modification to permissions; and unauthorised or failed access attempts to systems and files identified as critical to the agency.

The events to be logged are key elements in the monitoring of the security posture of systems and contributing to reviews, audits, investigations and incident management.

op.exp.8 Recording of the activity

404 not found

n/a

RBI_CSF_Banks_v2016

17.1

RBI_CSF_Banks_v2016_17.1

Audit Log Settings

Audit Log Settings-17.1

n/a

Implement and periodically validate settings for capturing of appropriate logs/audit trails of each device, system software and application software , ensuring that logs include minimum information to uniquely identify the log for example by including a date, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and various other useful elements of each packet and/or event and/or transaction.

SWIFT_CSCF_v2021

6.4

SWIFT_CSCF_v2021_6.4

SWIFT CSCF v2021 6.4

Detect Anomalous Activity to Systems or Transaction Records

Logging and Monitoring

n/a

Record security events and detect anomalous actions and operations within the local SWIFT environment.